Why Holden is a universal teenager.

As teenagers grow up and experience the world and changes around them, they go through all different sorts of feelings and emotions. Those feelings and emotions are illustrated in The Catcher in the Rye. Holden, the main character, is growing up and experiencing the world around him. He is a universal teenager because he represents the troubles that most teenagers often go through when they're growing up.
Like all teenagers at one point in their life, Holden was completely at rock bottom. Being a teenager isn't easy. Everything around you is changing and sometimes it's hard to keep up with all the changes. For some people, it can be a very emotional time. Holden has no control of his emotions, like the average teen who's experiencing a hard time. A lot of things seem troublesome when you're a teenager. "Certain things they should stay the way they are. You ought to be able to stick them in one of those big glass cases and just leave them alone. I know that's impossible, but it's too bad anyway" (Salinger 122). When you're at the bottom, it feels like there's no way out and nothing will ever go the way you want. Anything you think will go your way, may not. And I think that's what Holden means when he mentions putting certain things in a large glass case. He wants to hold onto something that will never change. Every teenager who is going through a hard time wishes the same. Although when you're at the bottom, the only way you can go is up. And when you go up, everything will go the way you want and you won't have to worry about things changing.
I also believe Holden is a universal teenager because he admits that he was going through a phase and I think every teenager goes through a phase in their life. ""Look, sir. Don't worry about me." I said. "I mean it. I'll be all right. I'm just going through a phase right now. Everybody goes through phases and all, don't they?"" (Salinger 15). I believe all teenagers who are going through depression refer to it as a phase. Even though Holden said "It depressed me" a lot, he never once really admitted he was depressed and in need of help. He may have been scared to admit it to himself and ask for help, which most teenagers are. A lot of people don't really understand the troubles that teenager endure, so that's why it's important Holden is a universal teenager. He's proof that this stuff does happen to teenagers and there is help. It's important that Holden is known as a universal teenager because he illustrates everything a teenager goes through and how they cope with it all.

Why Ken Kesey did not like the movie version of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest

There are many reasons why Ken Kesey did not like the movie interpretation of his book One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest. One of the reasons I think he may not have liked it was because in the book, he made everything seem so serious, while in the move, it wasn't as serious and humor was added on to a lot of the events. Even though McMurphy isn't exactly meant to be a serious character, I think his character in the movie was too much. Even though in the book he was sort of therapeutic for the men, in the movie, he was portrayed kind of as a nuisance to them. It seemed as he was always trying to annoy them get them to break the rules. He did that as well in the book, but in the movie his character took it too far. "What do you think you are, for Chrissake, crazy or somethin'? Well you're not! You're not! You're no crazier than the average asshole out walkin' around on the streets and that's it" (Forman). I think in the movie McMurphy knew that he was in the ward for good and he tried to make himself feel better by convincing the other guys they weren't crazy and they didn't exactly belong there. If McMurphy told the the other guys they weren't crazy, he'd believe he wasn't crazy. That's something I don't think the book really portrayed. And that's not how Kesey portrayed McMurphy so that could be a reason he didn't really like the movie. 

Another reason he may have not liked the movie was because a lot of Chief's important parts were taken out. I feel like it was a little hard to understand the movie without Chief's narrations. They were a crucial part of the book. His narrations made it easier to understand what was going on with all his description. "Nobody complains about all the fog. I know why, now:as bad as it is, you can slip back in it and feel safe" (Kesey 128). Chief's point of view in the book was very important and it was kind of disappointing to not have it in the book. 

McMurphy and Nurse Ratched

In One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey, I think Nurse Ratched is more powerful. In  most situations, she seems to know what she's doing even though it may not be with the best of intentions. MrMurphy always tries to break her down and to get her to change the rules, but she doesn't fall for it. For example, there is a conflict between Nurse Ratched and McMurphy when he tries to get the volume of the radio turned down."There are old men here who couldn't hear the radio at all if it were lower, old fellows who simply aren't capable of reading, or working puzzles-or playing cards to win other men's cigarettes. Old fellows like Matterson and Kittling, that music coming from the loudspeaker is all they have. And you want to take that away from them. We like to hear suggestions and requests whenever we can, but I think you might at least give some thought to others before you make your requests" (Kesey 106). Even when McMurphy suggests something as simple as turning down the volume, Nurse Ratched comes up with an explanation to why he shouldn't rwquest something like that, because he needs to think of other people besides himself. Nurse Ratched always has a reason for why she says no to McMurphy and she's very consistent with it, so that's why she's the more powerful one.
But even though she's more powerful, it seems as if McMurphy is more therapeutic to the men. The men know that Nurse Ratched is powerful and wants to control every aspect of their life, that's why McMurphy comes up with ways to bring her down. All the schemes he comes up with give the men a sense of hope that they can all bring her down together. "Just what I said: any of you sharpies here willing to take my five bucks that says I can get the best of that woman-beofre the week's up-without her getting the best of me? One week, and if I don'thave her to where she don't know whether to shit or go blind, the bet is yours" (Kesey 72). McMurphy and the guys always scheme and make bets to see who can break the nurse. In a way. McMurphy has brainwashed them into thinking she's a horrible person, so it's therapeutic for them to make bets and behave this way.